1155Pope Adrian IV crowns Frederick I Barbarossa Roman-German Emperor

1529Blackfriars begin: Henry VIII & Catharina of Aragon

1541Irish parliament selects Henry VIII as king of Ireland

1682William Penn founds Philadelphia, US

1815Battle of Waterloo; Napoleon and France defeated by British forces under Wellington and Prussian troops under Blucher

1836HMS Beagle/Charles Darwin leave South-Africa

1912The Chicago national Republican Convention splits between President Taft and Theodore Roosevelt; after Taft is nominated, Roosevelt and progressive elements of the Party form the Progressive Party (also known as the 'Bull Moose Party')

1927Paavo Nurmi runs world record 2000 m: 5:24.6

1928American aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the 1st woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean landing at Burry Port, Wales

1938Babe Ruth is signed as a Dodgers coach for the rest of the season

1940Gen Charles de Gaulle on BBC tells French to defy nazi occupiers

1940Winston Churchill's "this was their finest hour" speech urging perseverance during Battle of Britain delivered to British House of Commons

1941Joe Louis KOs Billy Conn in 13 for heavyweight boxing title

196060th US Golf Open: Arnold Palmer shoots 280 at Cherry Hills in Denver

1977Billy Martin & Reggie Jackson get into a dug out altercation

1978Nancy Lopez wins LPGA Bankers Trust Golf Classic

1989Laura Davies wins LPGA Lady Keystone Golf Open

1991Boris Yeltsin, president of Russia, arrives in US

1995Patty Sheehan wins LPGA Rochester International Golf Tournament

1996Ted Kaczynski, suspected of being the Unabomber, is indicted on ten criminal counts.

2000100th US Golf Open: Tiger Woods shoots a 272 at Pebble Beach, California

2014Ian McKellen is awarded an honorary degree by Cambridge University, becoming a Doctor of Letters